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Active ingredients
Chloropyramine
Release form
Pills
Composition
Chloropyramine hydrochloride 25 mg. Auxiliary substances: stearic acid, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl starch (type A), talc, potato starch, lactose monohydrate - 116 mg.
Pharmacological effect
Antiallergic drug. Histamine H1 receptor blocker. Chloropyramine hydrochloride, a chlorinated tripelenamine analogue (pyribenzamine), is a classic antihistamine that belongs to the group of ethylenediamine antihistamines. develops within 15-30 minutes after ingestion, reaches a maximum during the first hour after ma and lasts at least 3-6 hours.
Pharmacokinetics
AbsorptionAfter ingestion of chloropyramine hydrochloride is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Distribution and metabolismWell distributed in the body, including the central nervous system. Extensively metabolized in the liver. Excretion. Excreted mainly by the kidneys. Pharmacokinetics in special clinical situations. In children, excretion of the drug occurs faster than in adults.
Indications
- urticaria; - serum sickness; - seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis; - conjunctivitis; - contact dermatitis; - skin itching; - acute and chronic eczema; - atopic dermatitis; - food and drug allergies; - allergic reactions to insect bites; - angioneurotic edema (angioedema) - for solution; - angioedema (angioedema) - as an aid to pills.
Contraindications
- acute asthma attack; - pregnancy; - lactation (breastfeeding); - children up to 3 years (for pills); - lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome (for pills, because 1 tab. contains 116 mg of lactose monohydrate); - newborn babies (full-term and premature); - hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. The drug should be used with caution in angle-closure glaucoma, in patients with urinary retention and prostatic hyperplasia, with impaired function Treatment and / or kidney, cardiovascular diseases in elderly patients.
Precautionary measures
Use for violations of liver functionWith caution, you should use the drug for violations of the liver.Application for violations of renal functionWith caution, you should use the drug for disorders of kidney function. Use in children The drug is contraindicated for use in newborns (including premature). The drug in tablet form is contraindicated at children's age up to 3 years. Use in elderly patients Elderly, exhausted patients: use of the drug Suprastin; requires special care, because In these patients, antihistamines are more likely to cause side effects (dizziness, drowsiness).
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Adequate and well-controlled studies of the use of antihistamines during pregnancy have not been conducted. Therefore, the use of the drug in pregnant women (especially in the first trimester and the last month of pregnancy) is possible only if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus. If you need to use the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be suspended.
Dosage and administration
Tablets Tablets should be taken orally with meals, not chewed and squeezed with a sufficient amount of water. Adults are prescribed 25 mg (1 tab.) 3-4 times / day (75-100 mg / day). Children aged 3 to 6 years old are prescribed 1/2 tab. (12.5 mg) 2 times / day; children aged 6 to 14 years - 1/2 tab. (12.5 mg) 2-3 times / day. The dose can be gradually increased in the absence of side effects in the patient, but the maximum dose should not exceed 2 mg / kg of body weight. The duration of treatment depends on the symptoms of the disease, its duration and course. The solution for in / m and / in the introduction / in the introduction is used only in acute severe cases under the supervision of a physician. Adults recommended daily dose - 1-2 ml (1-2 ampoules) in / m. The following initial doses are recommended for children: Age Dozot 1 to 12 months 0.25 ml (1/4 ampoule) in / motor 1 year to 6 years 0.5 ml (1/2 ampoule) in / motor 6 to 14 le T 0.5-1 ml (1 / 2-1 ampoule) per mDoz can be carefully increased depending on the response of the patient and the observed side effects. However, the dose should never exceed 2 mg / kg of body weight. In severe allergies, treatment should be started with a cautious slow IV injection, then continue with intramuscular injections or taking the drug inside. Particular groups of patients Older, depleted patients: use of Suprastin ; requires special care, becausein these patients, antihistamines are more likely to cause side effects (dizziness, drowsiness). Patients with impaired liver function: you may need to reduce the dose due to a decrease in the metabolism of the active ingredient of the drug in liver diseases. Patients with impaired renal function: you may need to change the mode of administration and dose reduction due to the fact that the active component is mainly excreted by the kidneys.
Side effects
Side effects, as a rule, are extremely rare, are temporary and disappear after discontinuation of the drug. From the hematopoietic system: very rarely - leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia and other changes in the cellular composition of blood. From the CNS: drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness nervous excitement, tremor, headache, euphoria, convulsions, encephalopathy. On the part of the organ of vision: blurred vision, glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure. On the side of the cardiovascular system: reduced No blood pressure, tachycardia, arrhythmia (a direct connection of these side effects with taking the drug was not always established). On the side of the digestive system: abdominal discomfort, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, loss or increase in appetite, epigastric pain . From the urinary system: difficulty urinating, urinary retention. From the musculoskeletal system: muscle weakness. Other: photosensitization, allergic reactions. If any of the above effects occur, the patient should stop taking and immediately consult a doctor.
Overdose
Symptoms: hallucinations, anxiety, ataxia, incoordination, athetosis, convulsions; in young children - agitation, anxiety, dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, facial flushing, sinus tachycardia, urinary retention, fever, coma; in adults, fever and facial flushing are observed non-permanently, after a period of arousal, convulsions and post-convulsive depression, coma follow. Treatment: during the period up to 12 hours after taking the drug - gastric lavage (note that the anticholinergic effect of the drug prevents gastric emptying) , control parameters of blood pressure and respiration, conducting symptomatic therapy, if necessary - resuscitation. The specific antidote is unknown.
Interaction with other drugs
The drug enhances the action of barbiturates, M-anticholinergics, opioid analgesics. MAO inhibitors can enhance and prolong the anticholinergic effect of chloropyramine. When combined with ototoxic drugs Suprastin; may mask signs of ototoxicity. Antihistamines may distort the results of skin allergy tests, therefore, a few days before the planned test, taking this group of drugs should be discontinued.
special instructions
When combined with ototoxic drugs Suprastin; may mask early signs of ototoxicity. Liver and kidney diseases may require a change (reduction) in the dose of the drug, and therefore the patient must inform the doctor about his liver or kidney disease. Taking the drug at night may increase the symptoms of reflux esophagitis. Suprastin; can enhance the effect of ethanol on the central nervous system, and therefore while taking the drug Suprastin; The use of alcoholic beverages should be avoided. Prolonged use of antihistamines can lead to disturbances in the blood formation system (leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia). If during prolonged use there is an unexplained increase in body temperature, laryngitis, pale skin, jaundice, ulceration in the mouth, hematomas, unusual and long-lasting bleeding, it is necessary to conduct a blood test to determine the number of formed elements. If the results of the analysis indicate a change in the blood formula, the drug is stopped. The effect on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms. The drug, especially in the initial period of treatment, can cause drowsiness, fatigue and dizziness. Therefore, in the initial period, the duration of which is determined individually, it is prohibited to drive vehicles or perform work associated with an increased risk of accidents. After that, the doctor should determine the degree of restriction on driving vehicles and working with mechanisms for each patient individually.