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Active ingredients
Oxybutynin
Release form
Pills
Composition
1 tablet contains: Active substances: oxybutynin hydrochloride 5 mg.; Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose - 17.8 mg, lactose - 153.3 mg, calcium stearate - 1.9 mg.
Pharmacological effect
M-holinoblokator from the group of tertiary amines. Along with moderate m-anticholinergic activity, it has the ability to directly affect the smooth muscles of the internal organs (myotropic antispasmodic action). Eliminates spasms and lowers the tone of smooth muscles of internal organs: gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, uterus, urinary tract, including Bladder. With a neurogenic bladder, oxybutynin relaxes the bladder detrusor, reduces spontaneous contractions of the detrusor, increases the capacity of the bladder, and reduces the frequency of urge to urinate.
Pharmacokinetics
After ingestion, Cmax is reached after 45 minutes, the concentration is proportional to the applied dose. T1 / 2 is 2 hours. In the elderly, T1 / 2 increases.
Indications
Incontinence due to instability of neurogenic bladder function (detrusor hyperreflexia, for example, in multiple sclerosis or spina bifida) or idiopathic nature; Nocturnal enuresis in children over 5 years of age (as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs).
Contraindications
Violation of urine outflow from the bladder when precipitation of retained urine is possible; intestinal obstruction; intestinal atony; severe ulcerative colitis; enlargement of the colon; myasthenia gravis; glaucoma; lactation (breastfeeding); children up to 5 years; Hypersensitivity to oxybutinin.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
In pregnancy, oxybutynin is used only according to strict indications, when the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Oxybutynin is contraindicated for use during lactation (breastfeeding).
Dosage and administration
Is ingested. Adults - 5 mg 2-3 times / day. In older patients, at the beginning of treatment, they use 2.5-3 mg 2 times / day, then, if necessary, gradually increase the dose to 5 mg 2 times / day; For children over 5 years old, the initial dose is 2.5-3 mg 2 times / day, if necessary gradually increase the dose to 5 mg 2-3 times / day. With nocturnal enuresis, the last dose should be taken immediately before bedtime.
Side effects
On the part of the digestive system: possible dry mouth, nausea, constipation, discomfort in the abdominal region, diarrhea.; On the part of the central nervous system: possible headache, drowsiness, dizziness, decreased visual acuity.; Dermatological reactions: possible dry skin,; Other: possible hot flashes (most often in children), difficulty urinating, urinary retention, arrhythmias.
Overdose
Symptoms: CNS arousal (anxiety, tremor, increased nervous irritability, convulsions, delirium, hallucinations), fever, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, respiratory failure, paralysis, coma .; Treatment: you should maintain breathing, induce vomiting or gastric lavage, appoint activated charcoal and saline laxative. For regression of symptoms of anticholinergic intoxication, cholinesterase blockers (physostigmine) are used. When expressed anxiety or agitation - in / in the introduction of 10 mg of diazepam. With tachycardia - propranolol (IV).
Interaction with other drugs
With simultaneous use with drugs that have anticholinergic effects, it can be enhanced. With simultaneous use of itraconazole increases the concentration of oxybutynin in the blood plasma.
special instructions
It is used with caution in elderly patients, with NDC, abnormal liver or kidney function, thyrotoxicosis, arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, initial manifestations of benign prostatic hyperplasia, UC, in patients with ileostomy, colostomy, and also hernia. openings of the diaphragm, accompanied by reflux esophagitis.; Effect on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms; With caution used in patients whose activities are fucks increased concentration, high speed psychomotor reactions.