Corvalol Forte Table. No. 30
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Active ingredients
Release form
Composition
Pharmacological effect
Corvalol® is a sedative and antispasmodic drug, the effect of which is determined by its constituent components.
The α-bromoisovaleric acid ethyl ester has a reflex soothing and antispasmodic effect caused mainly by irritation of the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal receptors, a decrease in reflex excitability in the central nervous system, and an increase in inhibition of the cerebral cortex and subcortical brain structures, as well as a decrease in central vascular movements and direct local antispasmodic effect on vascular smooth muscle.
Phenobarbital suppresses the activating effects of the centers of the reticular formation of the middle and medulla oblongata on the cerebral cortex, thereby reducing the fluxes of stimulating effects on the cortex and subcortical structures. A decrease in activating effects has, depending on the dose, a calming, tranquilizing or hypnotic effect. Corvalol® reduces the excitatory effects on the vasomotor centers, coronary and peripheral vessels, reducing overall blood pressure, relieving and preventing vascular spasms, especially the heart.
Peppermint oil contains a large amount of essential oils, including about 50% menthol and 4–9% menthol esters. They are capable of irritating the “cold” receptors of the oral cavity and reflexively expanding primarily the vessels of the heart and brain, removing spasms of smooth muscles, causing a calming and slight choleretic effect. Peppermint oil has an antiseptic and antispasmodic effect, has the ability to eliminate the effects of flatulence.
Pharmacokinetics
When taken sublingually, absorption begins already in the sublingual area, the bioavailability of the active substances is high (about 60–80%). The effect appears quickly (after 5–10 minutes). When ingested, the action develops in 15–45 minutes and lasts for 3–6 hours.In persons who have previously taken barbituric acid drugs, the duration of action is reduced due to the accelerated metabolism of phenobarbital in the liver, where barbiturates induce the induction of enzymes. In elderly people and in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, Corvalol® metabolism is reduced, therefore, their half-life is prolonged, which requires reducing the dose and lengthening the intervals between taking the drug.
Indications
- - Neurosis with increased irritability;
- - insomnia;
- - in the treatment of hypertension and vascular dystonia;
- - mild spasms of coronary vessels, tachycardia;
- - intestinal spasms caused by neuro-vegetative disorders (as a spasmolytic drug).
Contraindications
- - Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, bromine;
- - severe impaired function of the liver and / or kidneys;
- - hepatic porphyria;
- - severe heart failure;
- - severe arterial hypotension;
- - acute myocardial infarction;
- - diabetes;
- - depression;
- - myasthenia gravis;
- - alcoholism;
- - drug and drug addiction;
- - respiratory diseases with dyspnea, obstructive syndrome.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Do not use during pregnancy and lactation.
Dosage and administration
Corvalol® is prescribed sublingually (under the tongue) or inside an adult, 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.
If necessary (severe tachycardia and spasm of the coronary vessels) a single dose can be increased to 3 pills.
The duration of the drug use is determined by the doctor depending on the clinical effect and the tolerability of the drug.
Children.
Experience of use for the treatment of children not.
Side effects
Corvalol® is generally well tolerated. In some cases, the following side effects may occur:
from the digestive tract: constipation, feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region, with prolonged use - abnormal liver function, nausea, discomfort in the stomach and intestines;
nervous system: weakness, ataxia, impaired motor coordination, nystagmus, hallucinations, paradoxical arousal, decreased concentration, fatigue, slowed down reactions, headache, cognitive impairment, confusion, drowsiness, slight dizziness;
on the part of the blood-forming organs: anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis;
by the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema;
on the part of the cardiovascular system: hypotension, bradycardia; slow heart rate;
from the skin and mucous membranes: allergic reactions, including skin rash, itching, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis;
other: labored breathing.
Long-term use of drugs containing bromine, can lead to bromine poisoning, which is characterized by such symptoms: depression of the central nervous system, depressive mood, depression, confusion, ataxia, apathy, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, tearing, acne or purpura.
Overdose
Overdose is possible with frequent or long-term use of the drug, which is associated with the cumulation of its components. Prolonged and continuous use can cause addiction, withdrawal symptoms, psychomotor agitation. Abrupt cessation of the drug may cause withdrawal syndrome.
Symptoms of overdose: respiratory depression, until it stops; depression of the central nervous system, confusion, dizziness, ataxia, drowsiness, even coma; inhibition of cardiovascular activity, including rhythm disturbances, tachycardia, reduction in blood pressure, up to the collaptoid state; nausea, weakness, decrease in body temperature, decrease in diuresis.
Treatment: symptomatic.
Interaction with other drugs
Preparations of the central inhibitory type of action enhance the action of Corvalol®.
The presence of phenobarbital drug may induce liver enzymes, and, accordingly, may accelerate metabolism of some drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes (including indirect anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-epileptic, anticonvulsant, psychotropic, oral hypoglycemic, hormonal, immunosuppressive, cytostatic, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive drugs, griseofulvin, glucocorticoids, oral e contraceptives), since their effectiveness will decrease as a result of a higher metabolic rate.
Corvalol® enhances the action of analgesics, local anesthetics and drugs that suppress the central nervous system.
MAO inhibitors prolong the effect of phenobarbital. Rifampicin may reduce the effect of phenobarbital.
With the simultaneous use of phenobarbital with gold preparations increases the risk of kidney damage.
With long-term simultaneous use of phenobarbital with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there is a risk of stomach ulcers and the risk of bleeding.
The simultaneous use of phenobarbital with zidovudine enhances the toxicity of both drugs.
When applied simultaneously with valproic acid, its effect is enhanced.
With simultaneous use with methotrexate increases the toxicity of the latter.
Alcohol enhances the effect of the drug, also increases its toxicity. While taking the drug should avoid alcohol.
special instructions
The risk of developing Stevens-Johnson and Lyell syndrome is greatest in the first weeks of treatment. Long-term use is not recommended due to the risk of drug dependence, possible accumulation of bromine in the body and the development of bromine poisoning. In cases where the pain in the heart does not go away after taking the drug, it is necessary to consult a doctor to rule out acute coronary syndrome. With caution prescribed for hyperkinesia, hyperthyroidism, adrenal hypofunction, decompensated heart failure, acute and persistent pain, acute drug toxicity.
Avoid simultaneous consumption of alcoholic beverages.
It should be carefully prescribed the drug for arterial hypotension.
The drug contains lactose monohydrate, so if you have intolerance to certain sugars, consult your doctor before taking this drug.
Storage conditions
Store in a dark place at a temperature not higher than 25 ºС. Keep out of the reach of children.