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Active ingredients
Albendazole
Release form
Pills
Composition
Active ingredient: Albendazol Concentration of active ingredient (mg): 400 mg
Pharmacological effect
Antihelminthic drug. The main mechanism of action is associated with an inhibitory effect on the polymerization of beta-tubulin, which leads to the destruction of cytoplasmic microtubules of intestinal cells of the helminths; changes the course of biochemical processes (suppresses glucose utilization), blocks the movement of secretory granules and other organelles in the muscle cells of roundworms, causing their death. The most active against larval forms of cestodes - Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia solium, nematodes - Strongyloides stercolatis.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption and distribution After ingestion is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, unchanged is not detected in the blood plasma. Oral bioavailability is low, about 30%. Consumption simultaneously with fatty foods increases the absorption and Cmax value in the blood plasma by 5 times. Metabolism and elimination Albendazole quickly biotransforms in the liver into the primary metabolite - albendazole sulfoxide, which also has anthelminthic activity. Cmax of albendazole sulfoxide in the blood plasma is achieved in the range from 2 to 5 hours, binding to plasma proteins - 70%. Albendazole sulfoxide is almost completely distributed throughout the body; found in urine, bile, liver, in the wall of the cyst and cystic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid. Albendazole sulfoxide in the liver turns into albendazole sulfone (secondary metabolite) and other oxidized products. T1 / 2 albendazole sulfoxide - 8-12 hours. It is excreted in the form of various metabolites in the urine. Pharmacokinetics in special clinical situations. Excretion of albendazole and its main metabolite does not change when renal dysfunction. blood increases by 2 times, T1 / 2 is lengthened. Albendazole is an inducer of microsomal enzymes of the cytochrome P450 system; speeds up the metabolism of many drugs.
Indications
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug: - respiratory tract infections: tonsillofaringitis, acute otitis media, sinusitis, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia (caused by atypical pathogens Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Legionella spp. and Ureaplasma urealyticum); - urinary system infections caused by Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Legionella spp. and Ureaplasma urealyticum; - infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; - treatment of enteritis caused by Campylobacter spp., treatment and prevention of diphtheria and whooping cough.
Contraindications
Individual intolerance (including other benzimidazole derivatives), damage to the retina, pregnancy. It is used with caution in violation of hematopoiesis, abnormal liver function (before and during treatment, its functions are regularly monitored), and breastfed.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
With neurocysticercosis, appropriate therapy of corticosteroids and anticonvulsants should be carried out. GCS for oral or intravenous administration is used to prevent a hypertensive attack in the first week of anti-cystic therapy. Control of laboratory parameters Against the background of the use of the drug, it is recommended to control the blood cell composition. If leukopenia occurs, therapy is suspended. Blood tests should be carried out at the beginning of each 28-day cycle every 2 weeks during the period of albendazole therapy. It is possible to continue treatment with albendazole if the decrease in the total content of leukocytes and neutrophil leukocytes is moderate and does not progress.
Dosage and administration
The drug is taken orally during the meal. It is recommended that simultaneous treatment of all family members. The standard dosage for treating roundworm invasions for adults and children over 2 years of age is 400 mg or 20 ml of the oral suspension once; neurocysticercosis and echinococcosis: for patients with a body weight of 60 kg or more - 400 mg 2 times a day, less than 60 kg - 15 mg / kg per day in 2 doses; the maximum daily dose is 800 mg * (2 pills of 400 mg). The course of treatment: with neurocysticercosis - 8-30 days, with echinococcosis - 3 cycles of 28 days with a 14-day break between cycles. With giardiasis in children - 10-15 mg / kg once a day for 5-7 days. With toxocarosis, adults and children over 14 years old weighing more than 60 kg - 400 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days, less than 60 kg - 200 mg 2 times a day for 7-14 days. Children - 10 mg / kg 2 times a day for 7-14 days. * - pills dosage of 200 mg - no more than two per day.
Side effects
When combined with albendazole, dexamethasone and cimetidine increase the concentration of albendazole sulfoxide in the blood.
Overdose
Liver dysfunction with changes in liver function tests (mild or moderate increase in transaminase levels), inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis (leukopenia, granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia), fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain, abdominal pain symptoms, high blood pressure, acute renal failure, reversible alopecia, skin rash, itching and other allergic reactions.
Interaction with other drugs
Precautionary measures
special instructions
Treatment: gastric lavage, activated carbon. If necessary, conduct symptomatic therapy.